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Diptych

Diptych
ca. 1300-1310 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

This is the left leaf of an ivory diptych made in France, probably Paris, in about 1300-1310. The narrative reads from left to right in the lower register and from right to left in the upper, and shows the Annunciation, the Visitation, the Adoration of the Magi, the Death of the Virgin and the Coronation of the Virgin. The scenes, on two tiers are separated by bands of rosettes. The carvings are distinguished by dramatic sentiment and tragic grandeur. There are few parallels for the present diptych, although the iconographic choices can be paralleled in other rose diptychs.

The devotional diptych is in many ways the object type most associated with the notion of Gothic ivory carving. The earliest examples probably date to the 1240s; these are complex, large and ambitious works that emerged, somewhat surprisingly, with no obvious precursors. The owners of ivory diptychs sometimes appear within their images. Such portraits indicate that they were special requests on the part of their commissioners, and they parallel the similar figures that appear in manuscripts and panel paintings of the period. The iconography of Gothic diptychs oscillated between two poles. The first of which is the desire to present narratives (Life of Christ and Virgin Mary) for envisaging. The second was the use of non-narrative images to form the focus of devotion.



Object details

Categories
Object type
Parts
This object consists of 2 parts.

  • Diptych Leaf
  • Diptych Leaf
TitleDiptych (generic title)
Materials and techniques
Elephant ivory, carved
Brief description
Diptych leaf, left, ivory, French (probably Paris), ca. 1300-1310
Physical description
Each leaf of the diptych is in two registers, the lower register with an upper border of eleven rose flowers, the upper with a plain border under which is an undulating line, representing heaven. The narrative reads from left to right in the lower register and from right to left in the upper, and shows the Annunciation, the Visitation, the Adoration of the Magi, the Death of the Virgin and the Coronation of the Virgin.
Dimensions
  • Height: 18.8cm
  • Open width: 18.3cm
Object history
The two leaves (that on the left in two parts) were for many years held in separate collections. The text inscribed on labels on each part of the left leaf refers to a Rev. William Bird of Mordiford, Hertfordshire; although the only incumbent of Mordiford by this surname in the 19th century was the antiquarian Rev. Charles John Bird, who was vicar from 1804 until his death in 1855, it is possible that this refers to his father, who was named William; the leaf later passed to the Bateman collection in Youlgrave, Derbyshire, and was purchased by the Museum at the Bateman sale in 1893 (Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge, London, 14 April 1893, lot 34, pl. III, £27 6s). The right leaf was in the possession of Mary Margaret Elizabeth Hamilton Roe (née Laurie) when exhibited on loan at the South Kensington Museum in 1887-88; after her husband's death she married George Cowell, and this lead to the mistaken assumption by Longhurst that the Mrs Cowell who bequeathed the plaque to the Museum in 1925 was a different person.
Subjects depicted
Summary
This is the left leaf of an ivory diptych made in France, probably Paris, in about 1300-1310. The narrative reads from left to right in the lower register and from right to left in the upper, and shows the Annunciation, the Visitation, the Adoration of the Magi, the Death of the Virgin and the Coronation of the Virgin. The scenes, on two tiers are separated by bands of rosettes. The carvings are distinguished by dramatic sentiment and tragic grandeur. There are few parallels for the present diptych, although the iconographic choices can be paralleled in other rose diptychs.

The devotional diptych is in many ways the object type most associated with the notion of Gothic ivory carving. The earliest examples probably date to the 1240s; these are complex, large and ambitious works that emerged, somewhat surprisingly, with no obvious precursors. The owners of ivory diptychs sometimes appear within their images. Such portraits indicate that they were special requests on the part of their commissioners, and they parallel the similar figures that appear in manuscripts and panel paintings of the period. The iconography of Gothic diptychs oscillated between two poles. The first of which is the desire to present narratives (Life of Christ and Virgin Mary) for envisaging. The second was the use of non-narrative images to form the focus of devotion.

Associated object
A.67-1925 (Part)
Bibliographic references
  • List of Objects in the Art Division South Kensington Museum acquired during the Year 1893. Arranged according to the dates of acquisition, with appendix and indices. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1894, pp. 69
  • Longhurst, Margaret, H., Catalogue of Carvings in Ivory. II. London: The Board of Education, 1929, pp. 17
  • Koechlin, R., Les Ivoires gothiques français, 3 vols, Paris, 1924 (reprinted Paris 1968) I, pp. 157, 161, II, cat. no. 261 (left leaf only)
  • Randall Jr., Richard H. The Golden Age of Ivory. Gothic Carvings in North American Collections, New York, 1993 pp. 66, 70
  • Williamson, Paul and Davies, Glyn, Medieval Ivory Carvings, 1200-1550, (in 2 parts), V&A Publishing, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2014 part 1, pp. 244, 245
  • Randall Jr., Richard H. The Golden Age of Ivory. Gothic Carvings in North American Collections, New York, 1993 pp. 66, 70
  • Williamson, Paul and Davies, Glyn, Medieval Ivory Carvings, 1200-1550, (in 2 parts), V&A Publishing, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2014, part 1, pp. 244, 245, cat. no. 77
Collection
Accession number
521-1893

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Record createdJanuary 6, 2004
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