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This object consists of 5 parts, some of which may be located elsewhere.

Grand Piano

1883 (made), 1883 (decorated)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

This piano was built in 1883 by John Broadwood & Sons for A.C. Ionides, a friend and client of William Morris, Sir Edward Burne-Jones and other Pre-Raphaelite artists. Kate Faulkner, who designed wallpaper for Morris & Co., decorated this instrument with gold and silver gesso to sketches made by Burne-Jones, so that it would match the interiors of Ionides' London house at 1 Holland Park. This piano was exhibited at the first Arts & Crafts Exhibition in 1888.

Object details

Category
Object type
Parts
This object consists of 5 parts.

  • Piano
  • Stand
  • Pedal
  • Key
  • Screws
Materials and techniques
Oak, stained and decorated with gold and silver-gilt gesso
Brief description
piano, oak, stained and decorated with gold and silver-gilt gesso; designed by Edward Burne-Jones, decorated by Kate Faulkner and made by Broadwood & Sons for Morris & Co., English, 1883
Physical description
The keyboard compass is 85 notes, AAA-a4. The instrument is straight strung with individual hitchpin loops on an iron frame composed of separate elements bolted together. The stringing comprises eight overspun unichord courses , three overspun bichord courses, six overspun trichord courses, and 68 simple trichord courses.

The instrument has an English check action with underdampers to b2. The dampers are strongly graduated in size from bass to treble. The two wooden pedals operate the una chorda (left) and sustaining (right) devices.

The oak case was originally stained green (now faded) and is decorated with birds, fruits and flowers executed in relief in silvered and gilt gesso.
Dimensions
  • Length: 266cm
  • Width: 140.5cm
  • Height: 45.7cm
Production typeUnique
Marks and inscriptions
  • John Broadwood & Sons, London (Makers's mark; Gothic; On name board above the keys; inlaid)
  • 21418 (Makers's mark; near right corner of the soundboard; printed; ink; 1883)
Gallery label
(May 2003)
Edward Burne Jones 1833–1885

Grand Piano
1884–85

Burne-Jones based the design on the case and stand of a harpsichord. His piano formed part of the lavish refurbishment of 1 Holland Park, commissioned by Alexander Ionides, brother of A. C. Ionides. The house was decorated by Morris & Co., the firm established by William Morris, and became a showpiece of advanced artistic taste.

Oak, stained and decorated with gold and silver gesso
Decorated by Kate Faulkner; manufactured by John Broadwood

Given by Mrs. A. C. Ionides 1927. Museum no. W.23-1927
Credit line
Given by Mrs A. C. Ionides
Object history
This grand piano was commissioned from Morris & Co by A.A. Ionides for the second drawing room of his house in Holland Park, London. The design of the case is probably due to the influence of Edward Burne-Jones and his earlier designs for the Orpheus piano, made by the firm of John Broadwood, which originally belonged to Frances Graham, Lady Horner. Burne-Jones was interested in modifications to the shape and size of grand pianos and revived features taken from eighteenth-century harpsichords, including a trestle stand with six legs, a rectangular cover for the keyboard, and a sharp angle at the narrow end of the top. All these features were incorporated into the Ionides piano which was manufactured by Broadwoods. The gesso decoration was designed and executed by Kate Faulkner who was encouraged to persist in such delicate work by Philip Webb.

Ionides lent his grand piano to the first exhibition organised by the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society, held at the New Gallery in 1888. The grand piano was displayed in the North Gallery and the catalogue entry, No. 266a, identified the maker as John Broadwood and Sons and Kate Faulkner as responsible for the design and execution of the gesso. The catalogue also listed the ten craftsmen involved:
case maker J. Banks
caibnet makers, J. Wilson, W. Gilliam, S. Holkard, T. Pegg
sound board maker, W. Robinson
maker-off of scale, T. Mead
key-makers, C. Tillson, G. Woolston
finisher of action, J. Shepherd

The grand piano was given to the Museum by Mrs. A.C. Ionides, a daughter-in-law of A.A. Ionides.

A very similar piano, with gesso work also by Kate Faulkner, was commissioned by W.K. d'Arcy for his home at Stanmore Park, 1888-1896. This was sold by Phillips, London, some time in 1992, and illustrated by Phillips in the Decorative Arts Society Journal, vol. 16, 1992.
Production
Attribution note: Although Broadwood pianos were produced on a large scale, the decoration by Kate Faulkner to Burne Jones's sketches for A.C. Ionides makes it unique.
Reason For Production: Commission
Subjects depicted
Summary
This piano was built in 1883 by John Broadwood & Sons for A.C. Ionides, a friend and client of William Morris, Sir Edward Burne-Jones and other Pre-Raphaelite artists. Kate Faulkner, who designed wallpaper for Morris & Co., decorated this instrument with gold and silver gesso to sketches made by Burne-Jones, so that it would match the interiors of Ionides' London house at 1 Holland Park. This piano was exhibited at the first Arts & Crafts Exhibition in 1888.
Bibliographic references
  • Howard Schott: Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part I: Keyboard instruments. (London, 1998), p. 57
  • Jonathan Meyer, 'The Nineteenth Century. Empire and Eclecticism', in 'The Layman's Book of British Furniture 1600-2000'. London, The Intelligent Layman Publisher Ltd, 2005, pp. 104-185, ill. p. 198
  • 'A Kensington Interior', The Art Journal, May 1893, pp. 139-169, the piano illustrated in the drawing-room for which it was made on p. 141.
Other number
21848 - serial number
Collection
Accession number
W.23:1 to 4-1927

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Record createdNovember 27, 2003
Record URL
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