A back-scratcher [pusht-khar], white, light green and dark green nephrite jade components, inset rubies, inlaid gold, hand currently detached, Mughal, c. 1650-1700, formerly in the Guthrie collection

A back-scratcher in the form of a right hand fashioned in white nephrite jade which is mounted on a round shaft of nephrite of various shades of green and white. There is a fair overall polish.
The hand has a ring carved onto the little finger that has been set with a small ruby cabochon in a gold setting and there is a bracelet carved on the wrist that has a ruby cabochon inset in gold, on both the top and underside of the wrist.
There is a short section of dark green nephrite between the shaft and the hand. At the far end, there is a short section of white nephrite that is capped with a dark green nephrite finial. At either end of the light green nephrite part of the shaft there is a fine, inset circular band of twelve very small ruby cabochons held within bands of gold wire.
The hand has become detached which has revealed signs of a previous attempt at reattachment and there is a short length of a metal pin protruding from the end of the shaft, with a corresponding cavity being present in the wrist of the hand.

This back-scratcher was originally in the Guthrie collection and was purchased for the sum of £9-0-0, when he sold 81 of his objects to The India Museum in 1868. It was subsequently transferred to The South Kensington Museum (later renamed The Victoria & Albert Museum) in 1879.

Charles Seton Guthrie was an important collector of eastern coins and Mughal Empire jade and rock crystal objects. He was the second son of Scottish parents, both of whom were from noble and landed families, and his father worked for the East India Company in Calcutta.
Guthrie most probably developed his interest in jade and rock crystal when he studied geology as a 17 year old cadet in 1825 in Addiscombe, and he joined the Bengal Engineers in 1828.
Through his family’s established connection with the Inglis and Lister families, he became acquainted with Harry Inglis and his Anglo-Indian wife Sophia (nee Lister). He may well have received gifts of objects that Harry had acquired as proceeds from his Indian military campaigns. Harry was the son and heir of George Inglis who owned Inglis & Co., a large Indian trading company.
During his time in India, Charles Guthrie enhanced his collections with acquisitions financed by his army pay and also income from properties in his late mother’s estate.
He subsequently retired at the honorary rank of Colonel in 1857, although he returned to England in 1855, at the same time as Harry and Sophia, due to having 2 years of accumulated leave.
Following Harry’s death in 1860, his embalmed body was returned to India, accompanied by Sophia and Charles, where it was interred in an above-ground tomb. Sophia inherited Harry’s vast estate, which almost certainly contained many fine jewels and Mughal objects. Sophia began living together with Charles in Calcutta, bearing him a son in 1862. Following a financially significant arrangement being agreed by Sophia with Charles, the two eventually married in 1863 with the family returning to England a short time thereafter.
Sophia died in 1866, with Charles being named as an executor with instruction to liquidate her un-itemised English estate which included “jewels, trinkets and shawls”.
Soon thereafter, in 1868, Guthrie sold part of his collection of jade and rock crystal objects to The India Museum and his large coin collection to a museum in Germany. Colonel Charles Seton Guthrie died in 1874 and the remainder of his collections was sold at auction, in accordance with the terms of his will, with many objects finding their way into other important collections and then subsequently to the museum.

This back-scratcher was made within the Mughal empire, probably in the late 17th or early 18th century. It has been fashioned from sections of nephrite jade of different colours and then inset with gems.
It was previously owned by the notable collector of Mughal jade and rock crystal objects, Colonel Charles Seton Guthrie who sold it with other objects from his collection to the Indian Museum in Leadenhall Street, London, in 1868. They were all transferred to the South Kensington Museum, later renamed the Victoria and Albert Museum, in 1879.

02588(IS)