Image of Gallery in South Kensington
On display at V&A South Kensington
South Asia Gallery, Room 41

Quoit Turban

mid 19th century (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

The quoits (rings) and other steel mounts on this turban are associated with Sikhs known as Akalis. The term derives from ‘Akal’, the ‘Timeless One’ – an attributive name of God. Members of the sect are also known as Nihangs, from the Persian word meaning ‘crocodile’, signifying qualities of ferocity and fearlessness. The Akalis are an order of armed fighters among baptised Sikhs.

The frame of the turban is made of wicker and covered with cotton. There is a possibility that this was collected by a European in the Punjab and made for display rather than to be worn. A real turban would usually be tied in two stages, starting with the farla or under-turban, which signifies high rank among the Akalis. The weaponry on the turban includes a central ornament of crescents surrounded by gold-overlaid throwing quoits (chakkar or chakra). The chakkar symbolises the cyclical nature of life and is repeatedly used in Sikh symbolism.


Object details

Categories
Object type
Parts
This object consists of 8 parts.
(Some alternative part names are also shown below)
  • Quoit Turban
  • Dastar Bungga
  • Chakram
  • Chakram
  • Chakram
  • Chakram
  • Chakram
  • Quoit Turban
  • Quoit Turban
  • Cord
Materials and techniques
Cotton, wicker frame, with quoits and other embellishments of steel overlaid with gold
Brief description
A conical turban of indigo blue cotton on a wicker frame, with quoits and other embellishments of steel overlaid with gold, worn by Akali Sikhs, Lahore, mid-19th century.
Physical description
Akali turban; cotton wrapped over a wicker frame, with quoits and other embellishments of watered steel overlaid with gold.
Dimensions
  • Height: 46cm
  • Measurement of base diameter: 26cm
Credit line
Transferred from the India Museum in 1879
Object history
Formerly in the collections of the India Museum and transferred to the South Kensington Museum in 1880.
Production
Transferred from the India Museum to South Kensington Museum in 1879
Summary
The quoits (rings) and other steel mounts on this turban are associated with Sikhs known as Akalis. The term derives from ‘Akal’, the ‘Timeless One’ – an attributive name of God. Members of the sect are also known as Nihangs, from the Persian word meaning ‘crocodile’, signifying qualities of ferocity and fearlessness. The Akalis are an order of armed fighters among baptised Sikhs.

The frame of the turban is made of wicker and covered with cotton. There is a possibility that this was collected by a European in the Punjab and made for display rather than to be worn. A real turban would usually be tied in two stages, starting with the farla or under-turban, which signifies high rank among the Akalis. The weaponry on the turban includes a central ornament of crescents surrounded by gold-overlaid throwing quoits (chakkar or chakra). The chakkar symbolises the cyclical nature of life and is repeatedly used in Sikh symbolism.
Bibliographic references
  • Stronge, S. (Ed.) "The Arts of the Sikh Kingdoms", V&A, 1999 cat. 112 p. 223 and p. 142, pl. 162.
  • Egerton, Wilbraham, An illustrated handbook of Indian arms; being a classified and descriptive catalogue of the arms exhibited at the India museum: with an introductory sketch of the military history of India, London, 1880 p.130
  • Lord Egerton of Tatton, Indian and Oriental Armour, London, 1896, p. 130, Cat.614
Other number
614 - Egerton Catalogue Number
Collection
Accession number
3462:1 to 8/(IS)

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Record createdJanuary 2, 2003
Record URL
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