Villa Foscari (La Malcontenta) in Malcontenta, Veneto, was commissioned from the architect Andrea Palladio (1508-1580) by the brothers Nicolò and Alvise Foscari in the mid 1550s. Differently from other Palladian villas, Villa Foscari had no agricultural dependencies and was intended as a suburban villa for official receptions and leisure activities. This drawing shows a plan of the villa’s principal floor (piano nobile). The plan is composed of a cruciform, central hall with salons, bedrooms and reception spaces disposed symmetrically on either side of the hall. In the lower portion of the plan, the drawing features Villa Foscari’s distinctive entrance portico flanked by symmetric stairways left and right. The entrance stairway depicted in the upper portion of the plan was added by the draughtsman and does not feature in Palladio’s designs.

The drawing belongs to a set of 66 measured drawings of Italian Renaissance and Ancient Roman architecture which the V&A purchased from Edwin Parsons in 1886. The Parsons set may belong to a larger series of over 700 architectural drawings scattered in English and international collections formerly owned by the British Consul at Venice, Joseph Smith (1682-1770). A proponent of Palladian architecture, Smith began collecting measured drawings of classical and Renaissance architecture from the early 1740s. Today, most of this material exists in a series of bound volumes at the Royal Collection (where the Admiranda Artis Architecturae Varia is kept) and at the British Library (which holds the three-volume Admiranda Urbis Venetae), as well as in loose sheets scattered in collections across Europe and North America including the Royal Institute of British Architects and the Canadian Centre for Architecture.

The author of these drawings is unknown. However, their style and subject matter suggests the involvement of the Venetian architect, painter, engraver and theorist Antonio Visentini (1688-1782). A member of the Venetian Academy since its foundation in 1755, Visentini was affiliated with Smith and executed a vast number of architectural drawings for the British Consul as well as for a broader British collector base. Most of these drawings are scaled in English feet and consist of simplified plans and elevations of exemplary Italian architecture. Often produced as a series, the drawings were purchased by British Gentlemen to be included in their libraries and collections. The present drawing forms part of this material. The drawing is not signed by Visentini, but may have been produced by one of Visentini’s workshop members or pupils or by an unknown draughtsman working in the style of Visentini.