Dating from late sixteenth-century Iran, this is an extremely fine and beautiful carpet, with an intricate floral design filled with wild creatures, and verses of Persian poetry all around the borders, highlighted in metal brocade. The lines quote the great Iranian poet Hafez (d.1389), and they describe a blissful world of gardens, nightingales, roses and wine. This poetry was certainly chosen to suit the design and intended purpose of the carpet itself, to be a beautiful place to sit together with friends, in a private garden, reciting romantic verses: “Call for wine and scatter roses: what do you seek from Time?/ Thus spoke the rose at dawn. O nightingale, what say you?” The verses are emphasised by the scale of the fine calligraphy, by the use of silver brocade lettering against a dark red background, and by the distinctive formatting: each half-verse is placed in a cartouche, laid against a green border. The central medallion repeats the red and pink background, with a leafy design also overlaid with gleaming metal brocade.

The carpet is attributed to the late sixteenth century, and the Safavid court of Iran (which was then based in Qazvin). At this time, carpet weaving had reached an extraordinarily high standard of design and technique, and the Safavid shahs commissioned the finest carpets as pious shrine donations, personal furnishings and suitably impressive diplomatic gifts to other states.

Known in scholarly literature as "the Salting Carpet", this famous carpet belongs to a larger carpet group which has long been debated by art historians. A diverse set was collectively named “Salting Carpets”, named after this example in the V&A, although they are now understood as a more complex cluster with a wider date-range. Today, consensus attributes the central group to late sixteenth-century Iran, on the basis of style and technical structure, and by association with recorded diplomatic gifts from Safavid Iran to the Ottoman empire, including the embassy sent in 1567. Two carpets are known to have been in European collections (in Poland and Spain) by the seventeenth century, but the majority were not published until after the 1878 international exhibition in Paris: then the art-dealer Albert Goupil displayed several at his Galerie Orientale loan exhibition. George Salting bought this carpet from the London-based art-dealers Murray Marks and Durlacher Brothers, between 1880 and 1883. Although not proven, it is suggested that by 1878, these carpets had very recently come from Istanbul, having been sold out of the Ottoman palace stores. One explanation for this was the sudden instability in the city, which was under threat of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-8: the British press certainly noted a sudden influx of other Turkish textiles on the art market as a direct result of that civilian fear. These carpets are exceptionally significant though, as Safavid court products of late sixteenth-century Iran.