Durga Mahishasuramardini
Figure Group
mid-13th century (made)
mid-13th century (made)
Artist/Maker | |
Place of origin |
The goddess Durga, the sakti or female energy of Shiva, in her ferocious form as the slayer of the buffalo demon Mahisa. Durga is represented in her eight-armed aspect, wielding the sacred weapons used against the forces of evil. The demon is seen emerging from his buffalo guise as Durga’s trisula (trident) pierces his body. The goddess is eight-armed and holds the supernatural weapons of the gods, notably the bana, chakra, khadga and trisula in her right arms and the dhanus, ghanta and khetaka in her upper left hands, pressing Mahisa's head with the remaining hand. The demon is pierced by Durga's trident as he emerges from the dying buffalo form. Two other demons (asuras) are shown - one is pierced by an arrow and the other receives a thrust from Durga's sword. The goddess wears elaborate ornaments including a ratna mukuta, karas, yajna pavita, katibandha, makara kindalas and rings, bracelets, armlets and anklets. Behind the group is makara torana with kirttimukha at the top.
The Hoysalas established their capital at Halebid early in the 11th century and endowed many major temples in southern Karnataka. Their flamboyant sculptural style derived from the late Calyuka traditions and flourished throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. This sculpture was presented to the seventh Viscount Powerscourt whilst in Karnataka in 1861. The precise provenance of this sculpture is not recorded but close parallels can be seen in the sculptures at Sadasiva Temple, Nuggihalli, southeast of Halebid.
The Hoysalas established their capital at Halebid early in the 11th century and endowed many major temples in southern Karnataka. Their flamboyant sculptural style derived from the late Calyuka traditions and flourished throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. This sculpture was presented to the seventh Viscount Powerscourt whilst in Karnataka in 1861. The precise provenance of this sculpture is not recorded but close parallels can be seen in the sculptures at Sadasiva Temple, Nuggihalli, southeast of Halebid.
Object details
Categories | |
Object type | |
Title | Durga Mahishasuramardini (generic title) |
Materials and techniques | Limestone |
Brief description | Durga Mahishasuramardini, limestone, southern Karnataka, India, mid-13th century |
Physical description | The goddess is eight-armed and holds the arrow (bana), discus (chakra), sword (khadga) and trident (trisula) in her right arms and the bow (dhanush), bell (ghanta) and shield (khetaka) in her upper left hands, pressing Mahesha's head with the remaining hand. The demon is pierced by Durga's trident as he emerges from the dying buffalo form. Two other asuras are shown - one is pierced by an arrow and the other receives a thrust from Durga's sword. The goddess wears elaborate ornaments including a jewelled crown (ratna mukuta), bangles (karas),a sacred thread (yajna pavita), a hip girdle (katibandha), earrings decorated with makaras (makara kundalas) and rings, bracelets, armlets and anklets. Behind the group is makara torana with kirttimukha at the top. |
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Object history | Purchased in 1965 from Mrs G. Slazenger, the owner of the Powerscourt Estate in County Wicklow, Ireland. The Slazenger family purchased the Powerscourt Estate from the Wingfield family in 1961. The 7th Viscount Powerscourt (1836-1904) described in his history of the house how he acquired two pieces of Indian sculpture while on a sporting tour in the state of Mysore in 1861. He relates how he asked Captain Johnston, who accompanied him on this tour and was at the time the Commissioner of Irrigation for Mysore, 'to get me a specimen or two of these beautiful works of art and he sent me these two [IS.76 and 77-1965, Surya and Durga] saying that he had persuaded the Brahmin in charge of the temple to allow them to be taken away'. Lord Powerscourt thought that they probably came from Halebid, but their provenance remained unrecorded. John Guy recognised close parallels with the sculptures at Sadsiva Temple, Nuggihalli, south-east of Halebid. |
Historical context | The goddess Durga, the shakti or female energy of Shiva, in her ferocious form as the slayer of the buffalo demon Mahishasura. Durga is represented in her eight armed aspect, wielding the sacred weapons used against the forces of evil. The demon is seen emerging from his buffalo guise as Durga's trident (trisula) pierces his body. The Hoysalas established their capital at Halebid early in the 11th century and endowed many major temples in southern Karnataka. Their flamboyant sculptural style derived from the late Chalyuka traditions and flourished throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. |
Subject depicted | |
Summary | The goddess Durga, the sakti or female energy of Shiva, in her ferocious form as the slayer of the buffalo demon Mahisa. Durga is represented in her eight-armed aspect, wielding the sacred weapons used against the forces of evil. The demon is seen emerging from his buffalo guise as Durga’s trisula (trident) pierces his body. The goddess is eight-armed and holds the supernatural weapons of the gods, notably the bana, chakra, khadga and trisula in her right arms and the dhanus, ghanta and khetaka in her upper left hands, pressing Mahisa's head with the remaining hand. The demon is pierced by Durga's trident as he emerges from the dying buffalo form. Two other demons (asuras) are shown - one is pierced by an arrow and the other receives a thrust from Durga's sword. The goddess wears elaborate ornaments including a ratna mukuta, karas, yajna pavita, katibandha, makara kindalas and rings, bracelets, armlets and anklets. Behind the group is makara torana with kirttimukha at the top. The Hoysalas established their capital at Halebid early in the 11th century and endowed many major temples in southern Karnataka. Their flamboyant sculptural style derived from the late Calyuka traditions and flourished throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. This sculpture was presented to the seventh Viscount Powerscourt whilst in Karnataka in 1861. The precise provenance of this sculpture is not recorded but close parallels can be seen in the sculptures at Sadasiva Temple, Nuggihalli, southeast of Halebid. |
Bibliographic references |
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Collection | |
Accession number | IS.77-1965 |
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Record created | February 13, 2000 |
Record URL |
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