Virtual Implants
Autostereogram
1990 (made)
1990 (made)
| Artist/Maker | |
| Place of origin |
PHSCologram (C) PHSCologram is a registered trademark for barrier-strip and lenticular autostereograms made by Chicago-based art collective (art)n laboratory. Inspired by the process oriented works of Man Ray, Duchamp and Moholy Nagy, the early process for creating PHSColograms combined sculpture with photography, resulting in a three-dimensional photograph, viewed with rear lighting.
The (art)n group Sandor formed with her peers from The School of the Art Institute in 1983 created large-scale sculptures and collaged backgrounds that were photographed 9 times at slightly different positions in a horizontal movement with a room sized camera.
These images took 30 minutes for each exposure, which were combined with a special darkroom technique to one piece of transparent, color film. A second piece of black-and- white film displaying clear vertical lines was mounted to a piece of plexiglas with the blurred, combined image mounted to the reverse. The line screen functioned as a viewing screen to interpret the transparent photograph as a three-dimensional sculpture.
By 1990, PHSColograms became a digital photographic process, by simulating the early darkroom technique with other features common to the computer graphics industry. PHSCologram imagery is constructed from sculpting objects with a computer graphics software application. These objects are painted, and placed in a scene with lighting and other special effects. Once the digital scene is complete, a series of as many as 65 images are photographed in (art)n’s proprietary art program.
(ref: artist's webpage, in references)
The (art)n group Sandor formed with her peers from The School of the Art Institute in 1983 created large-scale sculptures and collaged backgrounds that were photographed 9 times at slightly different positions in a horizontal movement with a room sized camera.
These images took 30 minutes for each exposure, which were combined with a special darkroom technique to one piece of transparent, color film. A second piece of black-and- white film displaying clear vertical lines was mounted to a piece of plexiglas with the blurred, combined image mounted to the reverse. The line screen functioned as a viewing screen to interpret the transparent photograph as a three-dimensional sculpture.
By 1990, PHSColograms became a digital photographic process, by simulating the early darkroom technique with other features common to the computer graphics industry. PHSCologram imagery is constructed from sculpting objects with a computer graphics software application. These objects are painted, and placed in a scene with lighting and other special effects. Once the digital scene is complete, a series of as many as 65 images are photographed in (art)n’s proprietary art program.
(ref: artist's webpage, in references)
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Object details
| Categories | |
| Object type | |
| Title | Virtual Implants (assigned by artist) |
| Materials and techniques | Barrier Strip autostereogram printed on slightly transparent plastic carrier-material |
| Brief description | Autostereogram (PHSCologram (©), a variant of an autostereogram), 'Mapplethorpe and the Nineties', by Art(n), 1990. |
| Physical description | This barrier strip autostereogram depicts the upper part of a naked female body (without head) on black background. The arms are half-crossed in front of and right below the naked breasts, while holding a drapery. The picture is held in orange and there are blue stripes running diagonally from the upper left side to the bottom right side of the picture / the body respectively. |
| Dimensions |
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| Copy number | 5 of 90 |
| Marks and inscriptions | (Art)n Laboratory
5/90 (On a tag on back of picture.) |
| Gallery label |
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| Credit line | Given by the American Friends of the V&A through the generosity of Patric Prince |
| Object history | The work was first shown at Siggraph 1990 in Texas, USA. It was part of a sculpture called Politics of Pleasure/ Robert Mapplethorpe, 1990. The artists used the first black and white body scanner to scan their body parts. They then used the computer to colorize them. Following this they juxtaposed the body parts with scientifically correct sexually transmitted diseases that were jewel like. |
| Historical context | PHSCologram (C) PHSCologram is a registered trademark for barrier-strip and lenticular autostereograms made by Chicago-based art collective (art)n laboratory. Inspired by the process oriented works of Man Ray, Duchamp and Moholy Nagy, the early process for creating PHSColograms combined sculpture with photography, resulting in a three-dimensional photograph, viewed with rear lighting. The (art)n group Sandor formed with her peers from The School of the Art Institute in 1983 created large-scale sculptures and collaged backgrounds that were photographed 9 times at slightly different positions in a horizontal movement with a room sized camera. These images took 30 minutes for each exposure, which were combined with a special darkroom technique to one piece of transparent, color film. A second piece of black-and- white film displaying clear vertical lines was mounted to a piece of plexiglas with the blurred, combined image mounted to the reverse. The line screen functioned as a viewing screen to interpret the transparent photograph as a three-dimensional sculpture. By 1990, PHSColograms became a digital photographic process, by simulating the early darkroom technique with other features common to the computer graphics industry. PHSCologram imagery is constructed from sculpting objects with a computer graphics software application. These objects are painted, and placed in a scene with lighting and other special effects. Once the digital scene is complete, a series of as many as 65 images are photographed in (art)n’s proprietary art program. |
| Production | (ART)n Laboratory consisted of the following collaborators: Randy Johnson, Stephen Meyers, Ellen Sandor, Dan Sandin, Tom DeFanti, Donna Cox, Dr Bernard Roizmann, Dr Patricia Spear, Paul Neumann, Maggie Rawlings (Illinois Institute of Technology). Attribution note: Computer systems used; Pixel Machine, RAYLIB, Sun, Hewlett Packard 9000, Mac II, ECHO 3D Scanner, Crosfield Scanner, custom software. |
| Subject depicted | |
| Summary | PHSCologram (C) PHSCologram is a registered trademark for barrier-strip and lenticular autostereograms made by Chicago-based art collective (art)n laboratory. Inspired by the process oriented works of Man Ray, Duchamp and Moholy Nagy, the early process for creating PHSColograms combined sculpture with photography, resulting in a three-dimensional photograph, viewed with rear lighting. The (art)n group Sandor formed with her peers from The School of the Art Institute in 1983 created large-scale sculptures and collaged backgrounds that were photographed 9 times at slightly different positions in a horizontal movement with a room sized camera. These images took 30 minutes for each exposure, which were combined with a special darkroom technique to one piece of transparent, color film. A second piece of black-and- white film displaying clear vertical lines was mounted to a piece of plexiglas with the blurred, combined image mounted to the reverse. The line screen functioned as a viewing screen to interpret the transparent photograph as a three-dimensional sculpture. By 1990, PHSColograms became a digital photographic process, by simulating the early darkroom technique with other features common to the computer graphics industry. PHSCologram imagery is constructed from sculpting objects with a computer graphics software application. These objects are painted, and placed in a scene with lighting and other special effects. Once the digital scene is complete, a series of as many as 65 images are photographed in (art)n’s proprietary art program. (ref: artist's webpage, in references) |
| Bibliographic reference | ref: artist's webpage:
http://web.archive.org/web/20230211084114/https://www.artn.com/ |
| Collection | |
| Accession number | E.1060-2008 |
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| Record created | June 8, 2009 |
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