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Waist ornament (benyop or bayop)

Waist Ornament (Benyop or Bayop)
19th century (before 1879) (made)
Place of origin

This waist ornament would have been worn by a woman of the Adi-Minyong tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, a hilly state in India's north-east. Composed of boldly patterned copper alloy discs strung on cord, it is an example of the rich jewellery traditions of some of India's adivasi or 'tribal' communities, who inhabit some of her more remote regions. It also exemplifies the way in which traditional jewellery in much of South Asia was closely tied to life-cycle rites, for a simple waistband worn by young girls of this community was replaced with a more elaborate one after a puberty ritual, to be removed on the birth of her first child. These traditions have been described by A.K. Das and O. Untracht (see References). There are many other examples of jewellery being used to mark age, status or prowess, especially among the adivasi communities.

Object details

Categories
Object type
TitleWaist ornament (benyop or bayop) (generic title)
Materials and techniques
Cast discs of copper alloy with tin, cast. The alloy is overwhelming copper, with probably at least 10% tin, as suggested by X.R.F. spectroscopy.
Brief description
Waist ornament worn by Adi Minyong women, Arunachal Pradesh, India, 19th century.
Physical description
A waist ornament (benyop or bayop) worn by Adi Minyong women in Arunachal Pradesh. It consists of five discs of cast copper alloy. The discs are of graduated size with the largest in the centre and are strung together on rope. Each disc has a pattern of spiral wire crossed by two or, in the case of the two smallest discs, three lines, and has a metal hoop attaching it to the rope.
Dimensions
  • Of largest pendant height: 12cm
  • Of largest pendant width: 9.6cm
  • Weight: 469g
Object history
Transferred to the South Kensington Museum (now V&A) from the India Museum in 1879.
Summary
This waist ornament would have been worn by a woman of the Adi-Minyong tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, a hilly state in India's north-east. Composed of boldly patterned copper alloy discs strung on cord, it is an example of the rich jewellery traditions of some of India's adivasi or 'tribal' communities, who inhabit some of her more remote regions. It also exemplifies the way in which traditional jewellery in much of South Asia was closely tied to life-cycle rites, for a simple waistband worn by young girls of this community was replaced with a more elaborate one after a puberty ritual, to be removed on the birth of her first child. These traditions have been described by A.K. Das and O. Untracht (see References). There are many other examples of jewellery being used to mark age, status or prowess, especially among the adivasi communities.
Bibliographic references
  • Indian Jewellery: The V&A Collection London: V&A Publishing, 2008 Number: ISBN 9781851774838 p. 18, pl. 1.9
  • Untracht, Oppi. 'Traditional Jewelry of India'. London : Thames and Hudson Limited and New York : Harry Abrams, Incorporated, 1997. ISBN 0500017808. p.140.
  • A.K. Das 'North-East India' in Doshi, S. (ed.) 'Tribal India : Ancestors, Gods and Spirits'. Bombay : Marg Publications, 1992. ISBN 8185026181. p.44.
  • Untracht, Oppi. 'Jewelry : Concepts and Technology.' London, 1982. p.492.
  • Traditional jewelry of India / Oppi Untracht. London: Thames and Hudson Limited London, 1997 Number: 0500017808 p. 140, ill. no. 247
Collection
Accession number
04962(IS)

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Record createdJanuary 13, 2009
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