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Nude Lying Down

Print
1658 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

In early inventories of Rembrandt’s prints the subject of this etching was referred to as ‘het slapende vrouwtje’ ('the sleeping girl’). Later, around 1800, she was identified as a ‘negress lying down’. Rembrandt would have seen black Africans in Amsterdam; he made figure sketches of some individuals and on occasion included black subjects in his paintings, particularly those of historical or religious scenes. However, it is almost certain that the identification of the subject in this work as a black African woman is an incorrect interpretation of the artist’s intention to portray a (white) female nude in a dark interior.


Object details

Categories
Object type
Titles
  • Nude Lying Down (popular title)
  • Negress Lying Down (published title)
Materials and techniques
Etching, drypoint and burin
Brief description
Etching, drypoint and burin by Rembrandt van Rijn, 'Nude lying down', third state. Amsterdam, 1658.
Physical description
Etching, drypoint and burin depicting in landscape format of a reclining female nude, resting upon a crumpled sheet, with her back towards the viewer. The figure wears some kind of headcovering, the details of which are not visible.
Dimensions
  • Sheet height: 15.7cm (with support paper)
  • Sheet length: 25cm (with support paper)
  • Image height: 90mm (trimmed to)
  • Image width: 165mm (trimmed to)
  • Platemark height: 82mm
  • Platemark width: 153mm
Measured by Conservation. Confirmed by Dept.
Style
Marks and inscriptions
  • Rembrandt f.1658. (Signed and dated)
  • [Watermark/Countermark] D.C.
    Translation
    mirrored, top centre
Gallery label
The familiar title of this print, 'Negress lying down' probably derives from a simple misreading of Rembrandt's entirely characteristic depiction of a figure in a deeply shadowed interior; earlier references suggest that it belongs to the artist's series of 'naked young women sleeping'. Nineteenth-century connoisseurs and artists such as Strang and Whistler rediscovered these delightfully informal and intimate studies, valuing them more highly than Rembrandt's grander and more solemn productions.(May 2008)
Credit line
Bequeathed by Constantine Alexander Ionides
Object history
NB The term "negress" was used historically to describe people of black African heritage but, since the 1960s, has fallen from usage and, increasingly, is considered offensive. The term is repeated here in its original historical context.

C.A. Ionides Bequest.
Subject depicted
Summary
In early inventories of Rembrandt’s prints the subject of this etching was referred to as ‘het slapende vrouwtje’ ('the sleeping girl’). Later, around 1800, she was identified as a ‘negress lying down’. Rembrandt would have seen black Africans in Amsterdam; he made figure sketches of some individuals and on occasion included black subjects in his paintings, particularly those of historical or religious scenes. However, it is almost certain that the identification of the subject in this work as a black African woman is an incorrect interpretation of the artist’s intention to portray a (white) female nude in a dark interior.
Bibliographic references
  • Taken from V&A Internal Catalogue
  • Bartsch, Adam von. Catalogue raisonné de toutes les estampes qui forment l'oeuvre de Rembrandt (Vienna, 1797). B.205
  • White, Christopher and Boon, Karel G. Rembrandt's Etchings: An Illustrated Critical Catalogue in Two Volumes, I. Text. (Amsterdam: Van Gendt & Co; London: A. Zwemmer Ltd., 1969).
  • Blanc, Charles, L'oeuvre complet de Rembrandt, décrit et commenté, (Paris, 1859-61).
  • Hind, Arthur M. A Catalogue of Rembrandt's Etchings. (London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1923).
  • Biörklund George. Rembrandt's Etchings, True and False: A Summary Catalogue in a Distinctive Chronological Order and Completely Illustrated, (Stockholm, London & Paris, 1955) (2nd ed. 1968).
  • The Catalogue of the Constantine Alexander Ionides Collection. London. Victoria and Albert Museum, 1904, 728.
  • Hollstein, F. W. H. (Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich), 1888-1957. Dutch and Flemish etchings, engravings and woodcuts, ca. 1450-1700. Amsterdam : M. Hertzberger, 1949-, vol. 18-19.
Collection
Accession number
CAI.728

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Record createdDecember 12, 2007
Record URL
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