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Mourning Ring

1768 (dated)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

This ring has an extremely unusual design. The oval bezel shows a landscape of a house or church under a large tree, made out of chopped hair. The white enamel hoop bears an inscription recording the death of Richard Townsend, Esq. on 12 March, 1768, aged 44. A second mourning ring survives, also made of white enamel but with a much more conventional design of rococo scrolls (V&A 1631-1903).

From the early seventeenth to the end of the nineteenth century, testators left money in their wills to have rings with commemorative inscriptions made and distributed to their friends and families. Simple bands enamelled with the name and life dates of the deceased were frequently made, sometimes set with a gemstone or a bezel set with a rock crystal covering a symbol such as a coffin or initials in gold wire. In the later 18th century, rings followed neo-classical designs, their oval bezels often decorated with the same designs as funerary monuments such as urns, broken pillars and mourning figures. Hair from the deceased was incorporated into the designs or set in a compartment at the back of the ring to give each jewel a uniquely personal element. Black or white enamel were favoured though white enamel was often, though not universally used to commemorate children and unmarried adults. By the end of the 19th century, memorial ring designs were becoming more standardised. The hoops were often inscribed with phrases such as 'In memory' whilst a commemorative inscription could be added to the inside of the hoop. The custom of giving rings as memorials gradually declined in the early 20th century, although the Goldsmiths Journal suggests that some were still being sold in the 1930s.



Object details

Categories
Object type
Materials and techniques
Inscribed and enamelled gold with hair under crystal
Brief description
Enamelled gold mourning ring, the oval bezel set with crystal, the hoop inscribed in reserve RICHD. TOWNSEND. ESQ: OB: 12 MAR: 1768. AE 44, England, dated 1768
Physical description
Enamelled gold mourning ring, the oval bezel set with a crystal enclosing a landscape executed in hair on white enamel. The hoop inscribed in reserve gold letters in white enamel RICHD. TOWNSEND. ESQ: OB: 12 MAR: 1768. AE 44.
Dimensions
  • Height: 2cm
  • Width: 2cm
  • Depth: 0.9cm
Marks and inscriptions
inscribed RICHD. TOWNSEND. ESQ: OB: 12 MAR: 1768. AE 44 (the hoop)
Credit line
Given by Anna Newton
Object history
A miniature of Richard Townsend is in the museum collection (1629-1903). A memorial ring for Jane Lepla, died 1768, in the British Museum, uses the same technique to create a design of a tree embroidered in hair on a white background. (AF.1649). Jane or Jenny Adamson married John Leplas, a surgeon from Bishop Auckland, County Durham in 1749. Paris registers record the death of Jane Leplas 1768, possibly the daughter of Jane and John. (Six North Country diaries by John Crawford Hodgson). Another ring from 1770, also in the British Museum (AF.1650) has a circular bezel with two trees formed of hair on a white background and the hoop inscribed in gold letters against white enamel JOHN.BLAIKIE.OBT: 10 MAR 1770 .AE.6.Y. Another ring in the BM (AF1714) doesn't have a memorial inscription but has a scene of a tree made from hair, on a white background surrounded by amethysts.
Subjects depicted
Summary
This ring has an extremely unusual design. The oval bezel shows a landscape of a house or church under a large tree, made out of chopped hair. The white enamel hoop bears an inscription recording the death of Richard Townsend, Esq. on 12 March, 1768, aged 44. A second mourning ring survives, also made of white enamel but with a much more conventional design of rococo scrolls (V&A 1631-1903).

From the early seventeenth to the end of the nineteenth century, testators left money in their wills to have rings with commemorative inscriptions made and distributed to their friends and families. Simple bands enamelled with the name and life dates of the deceased were frequently made, sometimes set with a gemstone or a bezel set with a rock crystal covering a symbol such as a coffin or initials in gold wire. In the later 18th century, rings followed neo-classical designs, their oval bezels often decorated with the same designs as funerary monuments such as urns, broken pillars and mourning figures. Hair from the deceased was incorporated into the designs or set in a compartment at the back of the ring to give each jewel a uniquely personal element. Black or white enamel were favoured though white enamel was often, though not universally used to commemorate children and unmarried adults. By the end of the 19th century, memorial ring designs were becoming more standardised. The hoops were often inscribed with phrases such as 'In memory' whilst a commemorative inscription could be added to the inside of the hoop. The custom of giving rings as memorials gradually declined in the early 20th century, although the Goldsmiths Journal suggests that some were still being sold in the 1930s.

Bibliographic reference
Oman, Charles, Catalogue of rings in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 1930, reprinted Ipswich, 1993, cat.
Collection
Accession number
1630-1903

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Record createdJuly 10, 2006
Record URL
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