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Signet Ring

17th century (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

The bezel of this ring is engraved with three boars heads around a chevron. Coats of arms were used to identify families from the gentry and nobility and small variations in the design of the arms or the colours used can help to distinguish between them. This ring was said to have been found at Caer Gys in Wales by Edmund Waterton, but there is no modern place of that name. The family who used these arms has not yet been identified -one possibility is Richard ap Ieuan ap Ithel ap David ap Ithel Fychan of Llaneurgain (Kinmel) descendent of the tribe of Ednowain Bendew. He was married to Alice vch Gruffudd Llwyd of Kinmael heiress of Kinmael. Their daughter Catherine, heiress of Kinmael, married Piers ap John Holland of Faerdref. (Powys Fadog Vol 3, p101-3). The town of Grimsby in Yorkshire also used the same arms from 1592.

Signet rings, engraved with a coat of arms, owner's initial or the mark used by a merchant to identify his goods are amongst the most common types of surviving medieval and Renaissance rings. The engraved bezel of the ring was pressed into sealing wax and this was then fixed onto a letter or deed. They were made of gold, silver or bronze, depending on the means of the owner and continued to be widely used until the 18th century when they were largely replaced by fob-seals, worn on the watch chain. The coat of arms was the heraldic motif, generally enclosed in a shield shape, which was used as a sign of identity by some wealthy families or individuals. The use of heraldic arms was regulated by tradition and later in England, by the College of Arms. Gold signet rings with coats of arms were widely worn by aristocratic men in the 16th and 17th centuries and can frequently be seen on contemporary portraits. The shield on this ring shows a chevron between three boars' heads but the identity of the family who used this has not yet been identified.

This ring forms part of a collection of 760 rings and engraved gems from the collection of Edmund Waterton (1830-87). Waterton was one of the foremost ring collectors of the nineteenth century and was the author of several articles on rings, a book on English devotion to the Virgin Mary and an unfinished catalogue of his collection (the manuscript is now the National Art Library). Waterton was noted for his extravagance and financial troubles caused him to place his collection in pawn with the London jeweller Robert Phillips. When he was unable to repay the loan, Phillips offered to sell the collection to the Museum and it was acquired in 1871. A small group of rings which Waterton had held back were acquired in 1899.

Edmund Waterton used the fortune which was made by his family’s involvement in the British Guiana sugar plantations to put his collection together. His grandfather owned a plantation known as Walton Hall and his father, Charles Waterton, went to Guiana as a young man to help run La Jalousie and Fellowship, plantations which belonged to his uncles. When slavery was abolished in the British territories, Charles Waterton claimed £16283 6s 7d in government compensation and was recorded as having 300 enslaved people on the Walton Hall estate.

Object details

Categories
Object type
Materials and techniques
Gold, engraved
Brief description
Gold signet ring, the oval bezel engraved with a coat of arms, West Europe, 17th century
Physical description
Gold signet ring, the oval bezel engraved with a coat of arms of a chevron between three boars heads couped.
Dimensions
  • Height: 2.2cm
  • Width: 2.2cm
  • Depth: 1.6cm
Marks and inscriptions
Coat of arms (Engraved)
Object history
ex Waterton Collection, Found at Caer Gys, Wales
Subject depicted
Summary
The bezel of this ring is engraved with three boars heads around a chevron. Coats of arms were used to identify families from the gentry and nobility and small variations in the design of the arms or the colours used can help to distinguish between them. This ring was said to have been found at Caer Gys in Wales by Edmund Waterton, but there is no modern place of that name. The family who used these arms has not yet been identified -one possibility is Richard ap Ieuan ap Ithel ap David ap Ithel Fychan of Llaneurgain (Kinmel) descendent of the tribe of Ednowain Bendew. He was married to Alice vch Gruffudd Llwyd of Kinmael heiress of Kinmael. Their daughter Catherine, heiress of Kinmael, married Piers ap John Holland of Faerdref. (Powys Fadog Vol 3, p101-3). The town of Grimsby in Yorkshire also used the same arms from 1592.

Signet rings, engraved with a coat of arms, owner's initial or the mark used by a merchant to identify his goods are amongst the most common types of surviving medieval and Renaissance rings. The engraved bezel of the ring was pressed into sealing wax and this was then fixed onto a letter or deed. They were made of gold, silver or bronze, depending on the means of the owner and continued to be widely used until the 18th century when they were largely replaced by fob-seals, worn on the watch chain. The coat of arms was the heraldic motif, generally enclosed in a shield shape, which was used as a sign of identity by some wealthy families or individuals. The use of heraldic arms was regulated by tradition and later in England, by the College of Arms. Gold signet rings with coats of arms were widely worn by aristocratic men in the 16th and 17th centuries and can frequently be seen on contemporary portraits. The shield on this ring shows a chevron between three boars' heads but the identity of the family who used this has not yet been identified.

This ring forms part of a collection of 760 rings and engraved gems from the collection of Edmund Waterton (1830-87). Waterton was one of the foremost ring collectors of the nineteenth century and was the author of several articles on rings, a book on English devotion to the Virgin Mary and an unfinished catalogue of his collection (the manuscript is now the National Art Library). Waterton was noted for his extravagance and financial troubles caused him to place his collection in pawn with the London jeweller Robert Phillips. When he was unable to repay the loan, Phillips offered to sell the collection to the Museum and it was acquired in 1871. A small group of rings which Waterton had held back were acquired in 1899.

Edmund Waterton used the fortune which was made by his family’s involvement in the British Guiana sugar plantations to put his collection together. His grandfather owned a plantation known as Walton Hall and his father, Charles Waterton, went to Guiana as a young man to help run La Jalousie and Fellowship, plantations which belonged to his uncles. When slavery was abolished in the British territories, Charles Waterton claimed £16283 6s 7d in government compensation and was recorded as having 300 enslaved people on the Walton Hall estate.
Bibliographic references
  • A catalogue of the antiquities and works of art exhibited at Ironmongers Hall in the month of May 1861, edited by George Russell French, London 1869, vol ii, p.503
  • Oman, Charles, Catalogue of rings in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 1930, reprinted Ipswich, 1993, p.87, cat. 496
  • South Kensington Museum , Catalogue of the Special Exhibition, 1862, p. 632, no. 112
  • Bury, Shirley, Jewellery Gallery Summary Catalogue (Victoria and Albert Museum, 1982), 33/I/7
  • 'British Guiana 2426 (Walton Hall)', Legacies of British Slave-ownership database, http://web.archive.org/web/20221205150942/http://wwwdepts-live.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/claim/view/7157
Collection
Accession number
810-1871

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Record createdNovember 24, 2005
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