Before the revolution of 1917, almost all Orthodox Russians wore pendent crosses. These crosses were originally based on Byzantine patterns. Most are made of cast silver, and they frequently have complex designs with Cyrillic inscriptions and iconographic details which are unique to the Russian Orthodox Church. Some, like this one, are also decorated in enamel, which was used in the north of European Russia in the 17th century, and became popular again in the 19th century with the revival of Russian nationalism. This cross also has a tsata or collar in the centre, another element characteristic of Russian crosses.

Like the filigree chains on which they were worn, these crosses are very difficult to date accurately. Their design has remained unchanged for centuries and many crosses are still being made today from old originals. This cross was described as 17th century when it was acquired in 1866, but is more likely to be 19th century in date.