The Garrick Bed thumbnail 1
The Garrick Bed thumbnail 2
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images
Image of Gallery in South Kensington
On display at V&A South Kensington
British Galleries, Room 118a

This object consists of 7 parts, some of which may be located elsewhere.

The Garrick Bed

Bed
ca. 1775 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

This four-poster bed takes its name from the celebrated actor and theatrical manager David Garrick (1717-1779). He commissioned it for his Thames-side villa. It was made in the workshops of Thomas Chippendale (1718-1779), one of the most influential British furniture-makers.

Chippendale’s interest in the newly fashionable Neo-classical style can be seen in the design and carved and painted decoration. The two front posts are carved as reeded columns with lotus capitals. Their bases are painted with paterae (flat circular ornaments) and husks (three short, flat leaves in profile, making a chain of ornament).

The bed cornice was identical to the cornice which divided the bedroom from the dressing room and to the cornices of the three windows. All these painted fittings were supplied by Chippendale. The decoration, inspired by Chinese wallpaper, was enhanced by the prospect of the couple’s garden with its mature willow tree.

The present hangings are reproductions made for display in the British Galleries which opened in 2001, but the original hangings are also in the V&A collection (museum numbers 17,18 & 19-1906; W.70I-1917),and one is displayed next to the bed. The original Indian chintz hangings were presented to Mrs Garrick in 1775 by friends in Calcutta. They were of dyed and painted cotton, made in Masulipatam, Madras, in an East India Company factory. On arrival they were were seized by British Customs' officials and David Garrick had to plead to recover them.


Object details

Categories
Object type
Parts
This object consists of 7 parts.

  • Bed
  • Hinge
  • Hinge
  • Tester
  • Tester Parts
  • Canopy
  • Hangings
TitleThe Garrick Bed (popular title)
Materials and techniques
Japanned (painted) beech and pine, with 20th century reproduction hangings.
Brief description
A bed of softwood, with fluted foot columns, painted white and green. The tester is edged with carved lappets painted in green and white. The current hangings of screen printed cotton date from 2001.
Physical description
The bed has been reduced in size. the head posts are hidden, the foot posts fluted and painted in green and white above tall, narrow, rectangular pliths painted with formal neo-classical motifs. The tester is domed, the lower and upper edges set with carved lappet, painted white and green. The current head cloth, and hangings are of modern printed cotton, in loose imitation of the original Indian chintz hangings that survive in the Museum collection.
Dimensions
  • Height: 244cm
  • Width: 137cm
  • Depth: 200cm
The bed has been reduced in width.
Style
Credit line
Given by H. E. Trevor, a direct descendant of David Garrick's brother, George
Object history
This bed came to the Museum by gift of H.E. Trevor, a descendant of George, brother of the original owner, the actor David Garrick. Some of the original hangings of the bed had been given to the Museum earlier, in 1906 (Museum nos. 17 to 19-1906) by Lady Hardman, who had bought them at the sale of the remaining Garrick material in 1864. These are of Indian chintz and are in the collections of the Asian Department.

The chintz elements of the bed had been celebrated well before they came to the Museum. On 1 January 1894 the weekly periodical Furniture and Decoration published a short note on p. 15:
'A Loan Exhibition was opened recently in Buckingham Palace Road, where there were shown "the first chintz curtains ever introduced into England", and that these "belonged to David Garrick". Garrick's death, says the Warehouseman and Draper, an event described by Johnson as eclipsing "the gaiety of nations", occurred in 1779: but we must go back more than another century for the introduction of chintzes into Great Britain. They were included as "printed calicoes" amongst the goods enumerated in the Royal proclamation in 1631, as those which might be imported from the East Indies. In 1699 an Act of Parliament made it absolutely illegal to wear East India chintzes, and in 1708, De Foe, in his Review, referring to the popularity of these fabrics prior to the passing of that Act, says: " The general fancy of the people ran upon East India goods to that degree, that the chintzes and painted calicoes, which before were only made use of for carpets, quilts etc., and to clothe children and ordinary people, became now the dress of our ladies... curtains, cushions, chairs and at last beds themselves were nothing but calicoes and Indian stuffs."

Museum negative 74591 shows this on display in Gallery 40 in 1936 as part of a display of Georgian furniture.

The closest comparison to the Garrick suite of painted furniture is the painted furniture supplied in 1774 to Ninian Home of Paxton House, Berwickshire. This is discussed and illustrated in David Jones, The Paxton Style, 'Neat and Substantially Good': Thomas Chippendale's Scottish Achievement (published by Paxton House in 2018 in association with the exhibition of the same title).

The motif of carved and painted lappets on the tester was also found on a bed supplied to the 3rd Earl of Darnley in the same year by the firm of Ince and Mayhew (see Hugh Roberts and Charles Cator, Industry and Ingenuity. The Partnership of William Ince and John Mayhew. London: Philip Wilson, 2022, pl. 57).

In 1917, the Museum received by gift other items from David Garrick's bedroom (plus an additional press bed altered into a wardrobe). Inventory numbers W.21-1917 to W.32-1917. In 1994 the Museum was also give one of the two small bookcases from this room (W.14-1994).
Summary
This four-poster bed takes its name from the celebrated actor and theatrical manager David Garrick (1717-1779). He commissioned it for his Thames-side villa. It was made in the workshops of Thomas Chippendale (1718-1779), one of the most influential British furniture-makers.

Chippendale’s interest in the newly fashionable Neo-classical style can be seen in the design and carved and painted decoration. The two front posts are carved as reeded columns with lotus capitals. Their bases are painted with paterae (flat circular ornaments) and husks (three short, flat leaves in profile, making a chain of ornament).

The bed cornice was identical to the cornice which divided the bedroom from the dressing room and to the cornices of the three windows. All these painted fittings were supplied by Chippendale. The decoration, inspired by Chinese wallpaper, was enhanced by the prospect of the couple’s garden with its mature willow tree.

The present hangings are reproductions made for display in the British Galleries which opened in 2001, but the original hangings are also in the V&A collection (museum numbers 17,18 & 19-1906; W.70I-1917),and one is displayed next to the bed. The original Indian chintz hangings were presented to Mrs Garrick in 1775 by friends in Calcutta. They were of dyed and painted cotton, made in Masulipatam, Madras, in an East India Company factory. On arrival they were were seized by British Customs' officials and David Garrick had to plead to recover them.
Associated objects
Bibliographic reference
Tomlin, Maurice, Catalogue of Adam Period Furniture (London: HMSO for the Victoria and Albert Museum, 1972), cat. no. O/7, p. 123.
Collection
Accession number
W.70-1916

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Record createdJune 29, 1999
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