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Hand bell with Sun Motif

Bell
1583 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

Bells are made from a special alloy that has a high tin content to produce the ringing tone. They are often sand cast, but are also made using a variation on the lost-wax method. A basic shape is created in clay and the form of the bell then applied in wax, along with its relief decoration. An outer mould of clay is built up on top. The mould is heated, the wax melts out and the clay bakes dry before the molten metal is poured in.

Bells played an important role in everyday life during the 16th century, regulating the working day, calling worshippers to church and announcing special occasions such as weddings and funerals.
Handbells were both religious and secular in function. They were used in religious rituals and were commonly decorated with figures of saints. Small bells were also used as doorbells, and to call servants and institutions into action. The sounding of a bell had a number of meanings from warning to protection from danger, calling order, regulating routine and announcing civic and religious occasions.

Giuseppe de Levis (1522-1611/14) was the most distinguished member of a famous dynasty of bell-founders active in Verona and became perhaps the most accomplished and versatile founder of bronze sculpture and artefacts in Northern Italy of his day.

Object details

Category
Object type
TitleHand bell with Sun Motif (generic title)
Materials and techniques
Bell-metal alloy (tin and copper)
Brief description
Hand bell, bell-metal, with Sun Motif, by Giuseppe de Levis, Italy (Verona), signed and dated 1583
Physical description
The bell is signed on a shield, and is dated on the inside.
Dimensions
  • Height: 15.5cm
  • Without handle height: 8.5cm
  • Diameter: 10.4cm
  • Weight: 687.4g
Marks and inscriptions
'IOSEPH / DE LEV / IS VER / F' [and dated] '83' (on a shield)
Translation
'Guiseppe de Levis made this'
Credit line
Given by Daniel Katz in memory of his father Peter Katz
Object history
Given by Daniel Katz, London, in 1987, in memory of his father Peter Katz.
Summary
Bells are made from a special alloy that has a high tin content to produce the ringing tone. They are often sand cast, but are also made using a variation on the lost-wax method. A basic shape is created in clay and the form of the bell then applied in wax, along with its relief decoration. An outer mould of clay is built up on top. The mould is heated, the wax melts out and the clay bakes dry before the molten metal is poured in.

Bells played an important role in everyday life during the 16th century, regulating the working day, calling worshippers to church and announcing special occasions such as weddings and funerals.
Handbells were both religious and secular in function. They were used in religious rituals and were commonly decorated with figures of saints. Small bells were also used as doorbells, and to call servants and institutions into action. The sounding of a bell had a number of meanings from warning to protection from danger, calling order, regulating routine and announcing civic and religious occasions.

Giuseppe de Levis (1522-1611/14) was the most distinguished member of a famous dynasty of bell-founders active in Verona and became perhaps the most accomplished and versatile founder of bronze sculpture and artefacts in Northern Italy of his day.
Bibliographic references
  • Motture, Peta. "The decoration of Italian Renaissance hand-bells." In: Cume, S. and Motture, P., eds. In: The Sculpted Object 1400-1700. Aldershot, 1997, pp. 101-2, 108, n. 12, fig. 6.2
  • Avery, Charles, 'Giuseppe de Levis (1552-1611/14) and his relatives in the bronze casting industry in Verona', in: Verona Illustrata, n. 5 - 1992, pp. 45-52
  • Motture, Peta. Bells & Mortars. Catalogue of the Italian Bronzes in the Victoria and Albert Museum. London, 2001, pp. 160-2, cat. no. 50
  • Avery, Charles, Joseph De Levis & Company: Renaissance Bronze-founders in Verona, Philip Wilson, London, 2016, pp. 16, 42-43, 115-116, fig. 18, 43, 47
  • Mann, Vivian B., Gardens and Ghettos: The Art of Jewish Life in Italy, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
  • Droth, Martina & Curtis, Penelope (eds.), Bronze: The Power of Life and Death, Leeds : Henry Moore Institute, 2005 4
Collection
Accession number
A.7-1987

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Record createdMarch 30, 2005
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