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Scenes from the Passion of Christ

Diptych
ca. 1280-1310 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

This is an ivory diptych made in about 1280-1310 in Paris, France. This diptych depicts twelve scenes from the Passion in three tiers separated by bands of rosettes. The scenes begin at the bottom left-hand corner and are treated picturequely rather than dramatically.1. Judas receiving the thirty pieces of silver. 2. The Betrayal. 3. Judas hangs himself. 4. The cutting off of Malchus' ear. 5. Pilate washes his hands. 6. Christ carrying his cross. 7. The Crucifixion. 8. The Deposition. 9. The Entombment. 10. The Maries at the Sepulchre. 11. Christ meeting St. Mary Magdalene in the Garden. 12. The Harrowing of Hell.
The devotional diptych is in many ways the object type most associated with the notion of Gothic ivory carving. The earliest examples probably date to the 1240s; these are complex, large and ambitious works that emerged, somewhat surprisingly, with no obvious precursors. The owners of ivory diptychs sometimes appear within their images. Such portraits indicate that they were special requests on the part of their commissioners, and they parallel the similar figures that appear in manuscripts and panel paintings of the period. The iconography of Gothic diptychs oscillated between two poles. The first of which is the desire to present narratives (Life of Christ and Virgin Mary) for envisaging. The second was the use of non-narrative images to form the focus of devotion.


Object details

Categories
Object type
Parts
This object consists of 2 parts.

  • Diptych Leaf
  • Diptych Leaf
TitleScenes from the Passion of Christ (generic title)
Materials and techniques
Elephant ivory carved in high relief
Brief description
Diptych, ivory, scenes from the Passion, French (Paris), ca. 1280-1310
Physical description
Ivory diptych with twelve scenes from the Passion in three tiers separated by bands of rosettes. The scenes begin at the bottom left-hand corner and are treated picturequely rather than dramatically.1. Judas receiving the thirty pieces of silver. 2. The Betrayal. 3. Judas hangs himself. 4. The cutting off of Malchus' ear. 5. Pilate washes his hands. 6. Christ carrying his cross. 7. The Crucifixion. 8. The Deposition. 9. The Entombment. 10. The Maries at the Sepulchre. 11. Christ meeting St. Mary Magdalene in the Garden. 12. The Harrowing of Hell.
Dimensions
  • Height: 21cm
  • Open width: 25.8cm
Object history
In the possession of John Webb, London, by 1867 and on loan to the Museum from that date; purchased from Webb in 1871, for £200.
Production
Possibly Paris School.
Subjects depicted
Summary
This is an ivory diptych made in about 1280-1310 in Paris, France. This diptych depicts twelve scenes from the Passion in three tiers separated by bands of rosettes. The scenes begin at the bottom left-hand corner and are treated picturequely rather than dramatically.1. Judas receiving the thirty pieces of silver. 2. The Betrayal. 3. Judas hangs himself. 4. The cutting off of Malchus' ear. 5. Pilate washes his hands. 6. Christ carrying his cross. 7. The Crucifixion. 8. The Deposition. 9. The Entombment. 10. The Maries at the Sepulchre. 11. Christ meeting St. Mary Magdalene in the Garden. 12. The Harrowing of Hell.
The devotional diptych is in many ways the object type most associated with the notion of Gothic ivory carving. The earliest examples probably date to the 1240s; these are complex, large and ambitious works that emerged, somewhat surprisingly, with no obvious precursors. The owners of ivory diptychs sometimes appear within their images. Such portraits indicate that they were special requests on the part of their commissioners, and they parallel the similar figures that appear in manuscripts and panel paintings of the period. The iconography of Gothic diptychs oscillated between two poles. The first of which is the desire to present narratives (Life of Christ and Virgin Mary) for envisaging. The second was the use of non-narrative images to form the focus of devotion.
Bibliographic references
  • List of Objects in the Art Division, South Kensington, Acquired During the Year 1870, Arranged According to the Dates of Acquisition. London : Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O., p. 30
  • Longhurst, Margaret H., Catalogue of Carvings in Ivory. London: Published under the Authority of the Board of Education, 1927-1929, Part II, p. 16
  • Maskell, W. A Description of the Ivories Ancient and Medieval in the South Kensington Museum, London, 1872 pp. 130-131
  • Maskell, A., Ivories, London, 1905 pp. 158-159, and pl. XXIX
  • Koechlin, R., Les Ivoires gothiques français, 3 vols, Paris, 1924 (reprinted Paris 1968) I, p. 152, II, cat. no. 247
  • Williamson, Paul and Davies, Glyn, Medieval Ivory Carvings, 1200-1550, (in 2 parts), V&A Publishing, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2014 part 1, pp. 230-231
  • Randall, R.H., Jr., Masterpieces of Ivory from the Walters Art Gallery, London, 1985 p. 210
  • Williamson, Paul and Davies, Glyn, Medieval Ivory Carvings, 1200-1550, (in 2 parts), V&A Publishing, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2014, part 1, pp. 230-231, cat. no. 72
Collection
Accession number
367&A-1871

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Record createdDecember 30, 2003
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