Sussex chair
- Object:
- Place of origin:
- Date:
1870-1890 (made)
ca. 1860 (designed)
- Artist/Maker:
Webb, Philip Speakman, born 1831 - died 1915 (possibly, designer)
Morris & Co. (maker)
- Materials and Techniques:
Ebonised beech, with a rush seat
- Museum number:
- Gallery location:
British Galleries, room 125f, case BAY 2
- Download image
Object Type
This chair was named after a country chair found in Sussex, which inspired the design with the turned frame and rush seat. Similar types of chairs, with imitation bamboo frames and rush seats, were fashionable between 1790 and 1820.
Ownership & Use
William Morris and his wife, Jane, used Sussex chairs in their first home, Red House, Bexleyheath, Kent, from 1860 and subsequently in their London house, Kelmscott House, Hammersmith. Morris's great friend, the artist Edward Burne-Jones (1833-1898) had Sussex armchairs in his studio, as did the sculptor, Alfred Gilbert (1854-1934). Robert Edis recommended this chair as 'excellent, comfortable and artistic' in his influential book, 'Decoration and Furnishing of Town Houses in 1881'. Examples from the Sussex range were supplied for students' rooms at Newnham College, Cambridge, and for galleries in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge.
Trading
The Sussex range of modest seat furniture, which started with this armchair and a single chair, expanded as a result of the commercial success of the design. Eventually it included corner chairs, children's chairs, and settles. A whole page was devoted to the Sussex range in the firm's catalogue, about 1912, where the armchair was priced at 9s 9d (49p). Other firms, particularly Liberty & Co. and Heals, produced their own versions of this popular design.
Physical description
Armchair, ebonised beech with turned ornament and a rush seat.
Place of Origin
London, England (made)
Date
1870-1890 (made)
ca. 1860 (designed)
Artist/maker
Webb, Philip Speakman, born 1831 - died 1915 (possibly, designer)
Morris & Co. (maker)
Materials and Techniques
Ebonised beech, with a rush seat
Dimensions
Height: 85 cm, Width: 52 cm, Depth: 44 cm
Object history note
Possibly designed by Philip Webb (born in Oxford, 1831, died in Worth, West Sussex, 1915); made by Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., and later by Morris & Co., London
Descriptive line
Armchair, ebonised beech, with turned ornament and a rush seat. Britain (London), 1870-1890. Probably designed by Philip Webb and made by Morris & Co.
Bibliographic References (Citation, Note/Abstract, NAL no)
Tim Barringer et al., Pre-Raphaelites: Victorian Avant-Garde, exhibition catalogue (Tate Publishing, 2012) p. 188 cat. 144 (illus.)
Exhibition History
Pre-Raphaelites: Victorian Avant Garde (Tate Britain 12/09/2012-13/01/2013)
The Cult of Beauty: The Aesthetic Movement 1860-1900 (Musée d'Orsay 13/09/2011-15/01/2012)
The Cult of Beauty: The Aesthetic Movement 1860-1900 (Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco 18/02/2012-17/07/2012)
The Cult of Beauty: The Aesthetic Movement 1860-1900 (Victoria and Albert Museum 02/04/2011-17/07/2011)
Life and Art: Arts and Crafts from Morris to Mingei (Aichi Prefectural Museum of Art, Nagoya 12/06/2009-16/08/2009)
Life and Art: Arts and Crafts from Morris to Mingei (Metropolitan Art Museum, Tokyo 24/01/2009-05/04/2009)
Life and Art: Arts and Crafts from Morris to Mingei (The National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto 13/09/2008-09/11/2008)
William Morris (Victoria and Albert Museum 01/01/1996-31/12/1996)
British Design at Home (Tokushima Modern Art Museum 10/09/1994-06/11/1994)
British Design at Home (Kyoto National Museum of Modern Art 05/07/1994-21/08/1994)
British Design at Home (The Museum of Art, Kobe Hankyu 15/05/1994-22/06/1994)
British Design at Home (Saitama Prefecture Modern Art Museum 05/04/1994-05/05/1994)
Labels and date
Sold by Morris & Co. in large numbers from about 1869 until the 1920s as their 'Sussex Chair'. the design was copied from a vernacular version of a late Georgian armchair discovered in Sussex. [Unknown]
British Galleries:
The 'Sussex' chair was part of a range of modest furnishings available from the Morris shop. It was available in various styles in black or red. Like other furniture made by the firm in their early years, the shape was based on early country designs. It sold in large numbers and became the firm's most familiar product. [27/03/2003]
Production Note
Designed about 1860; this example made 1870 - 1890
Materials
Beech; Rush
Techniques
Turning; Staining
Categories
Furniture
Collection code
FWK
