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Design for a frame to surmount a sofa in the neoclassical style from; A Miscellaneous Collection of Original Designs, made, and for the most part executed, during an extensive Practice of many years in the first line of his Profession, by John Linnell, Upholsterer Carver & Cabinet Maker. Selected from his Portfolios at his Decease, by C. H. Tatham Architect. AD 1800.

Drawing
ca.1767-1770 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

This design by John Linnell displays some of the neoclassical motifs and characters that were becoming popular in design towards the end of the 18th century. The sphinx and the griffin are an example of the way in which designers were incorporating legendary creatures into furniture design. The perfume burner in between the two mythological creatures was also a popular neoclassical motif. It was originally a Classical form intended for sacrificial alters. Many neoclassical designers were using the perfume burner motif in different ways, for example the neoclassical architect James ‘Athenian’ Stuart designed burners for Spencer House, London. In this design, Linnell has depicted the perfume burner as a candelabra. The use of candles in front of the mirror glass would have been an effective lighting device, important during the 18th century when there were extremely low levels of light.

This design is unusual; underneath the oval glass is another mirror glass which has architectural features that are reminiscent of a chimney piece frame. Once again neoclassical forms such as the central portrait medallion and the Vitruvian scroll decoration have been adapted by Linnell for their incorporation into this design. The ram heads either side of the glass are similar to the way in which neoclassical architects such as William Chambers were incorporating such figures into their designs for chimneypieces.

The foliage and festoons add flamboyance and grandeur to this design. Mirror glass and frames such as these could have been situated within the important state rooms of a wealthy household. The yellow watercolour that Linnell has used demonstrates that the frame would be gilded however the perfume burner is left uncoloured. While this piece has been accurately and elegantly composed, the pencil sketch of a vase at the top of the oval mirror suggests that this was an experimental design.


Object details

Categories
Object type
TitleDesign for a frame to surmount a sofa in the neoclassical style from; A Miscellaneous Collection of Original Designs, made, and for the most part executed, during an extensive Practice of many years in the first line of his Profession, by John Linnell, Upholsterer Carver & Cabinet Maker. Selected from his Portfolios at his Decease, by C. H. Tatham Architect. AD 1800. (series title)
Materials and techniques
pencil, pen, yellow and blue watercolour
Brief description
Design for a frame to surmount a sofa in the neoclassical style in pencil, pen, ink, watercolour, from a volume of designs for furniture, interior decoration and architectural fittings, by John Linnell, Great Britain, ca.1767-1770
Physical description
A design for an oval frame to surmount a sofa in the neoclassical style. The mirror glass is oval in shape and is surmounted by a mermaid figure and scrolling foliage. Festoons hang down across the mirror glass and appear to be fixed onto the wall. Below the oval mirror is a shelf-like structure which is decorated with a Vitruvian scroll, on top of which is a perfume burner with candle branches. Figures of a sphinx and a griffin are positioned either side of the perfume burner and below the shelf there appears to be another mirror. This mirror features a portrait medallion in the centre surrounded by decorative festoons and foliage. One of a set of designs for furniture, including chairs and state beds, interior decoration, including pier glasses, and architectural fittings including chimney pieces and doors. In a volume.
Dimensions
  • Height: 21.5cm
  • Width: 14.4cm
Style
Subjects depicted
Summary
This design by John Linnell displays some of the neoclassical motifs and characters that were becoming popular in design towards the end of the 18th century. The sphinx and the griffin are an example of the way in which designers were incorporating legendary creatures into furniture design. The perfume burner in between the two mythological creatures was also a popular neoclassical motif. It was originally a Classical form intended for sacrificial alters. Many neoclassical designers were using the perfume burner motif in different ways, for example the neoclassical architect James ‘Athenian’ Stuart designed burners for Spencer House, London. In this design, Linnell has depicted the perfume burner as a candelabra. The use of candles in front of the mirror glass would have been an effective lighting device, important during the 18th century when there were extremely low levels of light.

This design is unusual; underneath the oval glass is another mirror glass which has architectural features that are reminiscent of a chimney piece frame. Once again neoclassical forms such as the central portrait medallion and the Vitruvian scroll decoration have been adapted by Linnell for their incorporation into this design. The ram heads either side of the glass are similar to the way in which neoclassical architects such as William Chambers were incorporating such figures into their designs for chimneypieces.

The foliage and festoons add flamboyance and grandeur to this design. Mirror glass and frames such as these could have been situated within the important state rooms of a wealthy household. The yellow watercolour that Linnell has used demonstrates that the frame would be gilded however the perfume burner is left uncoloured. While this piece has been accurately and elegantly composed, the pencil sketch of a vase at the top of the oval mirror suggests that this was an experimental design.
Bibliographic references
  • Victoria and Albert Museum, Department of Engraving, Illustration and Design and Department of Paintings, Accessions 1929, London: Board of Education, 1930.
  • Hayward, H. The Drawings of John Linnell in the Victoria and Albert Museum, Furniture History, Vol. 5, (1969), pp. 1-115, 117-118
Collection
Accession number
E.122-1929

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Record createdJune 30, 2009
Record URL
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