Image of Gallery in South Kensington
On display at V&A South Kensington
Sculpture 1300-1600, Room 27

St John the Evangelist

Statuette
ca. 1460-1470 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

This figure of St John the Evangelist forms part of a Crucifixion group. The group includes Christ on the Cross and the Virgin (Museum nos 714 and 714A-1895 respectively). The figures of the Virgin and St John stand on a decorative console that was made separately. The backs of the figures are flat and uncarved. They have holes that show that dowels once held the figures in place against a background support. Crucifixion groups of this type were usually placed on a beam that supported the rood or cross in a church. They were also placed on top of a screen dividing the nave from the choir of the church. More rarely, they were placed against the wall above the chancel arch. In the 1400s, every church in Northern Europe had a so-called Calvary group. Most have been lost through fire, natural decay or architectural change. Some were destroyed during periods of religious unrest.

Object details

Categories
Object type
TitleSt John the Evangelist (generic title)
Materials and techniques
Carved oak, with traces of polychromy
Brief description
Wood French 15th cent
Dimensions
  • Height: 105cm
Gallery label
Christ on the Cross with the Virgin and St John the Evangelist About 1460-70 The so-called Calvary group was an essential liturgical fixture, found in every church in Northern Europe. It was usually placed on a rood beam or on top of the screen dividing the nave from the choir. More rarely , it was set against the wall above the chancel arch, Southern Netherlands, Hainaut or Tournai Oak with traces of paint Museum nos. 714&A,B-1895(2010)
Object history
Emile Peyre collection, Paris; bought from M. Peyre in 1895 for £150

Historical significance: Characteristic stylistic features indicate a place of production in north-western Hainaut, on the border of present-day Belgium and France.
Historical context
Crucifixion groups of this type were usually placed on a rood-beam or on top of a screen dividing the nave from the choir, or more rarely, against the wall above the chancel arch.
Subjects depicted
Summary
This figure of St John the Evangelist forms part of a Crucifixion group. The group includes Christ on the Cross and the Virgin (Museum nos 714 and 714A-1895 respectively). The figures of the Virgin and St John stand on a decorative console that was made separately. The backs of the figures are flat and uncarved. They have holes that show that dowels once held the figures in place against a background support. Crucifixion groups of this type were usually placed on a beam that supported the rood or cross in a church. They were also placed on top of a screen dividing the nave from the choir of the church. More rarely, they were placed against the wall above the chancel arch. In the 1400s, every church in Northern Europe had a so-called Calvary group. Most have been lost through fire, natural decay or architectural change. Some were destroyed during periods of religious unrest.
Associated object
714A-1895 (Set)
Bibliographic reference
Williamson, Paul, Netherlandish Sculpture 1450-1550, London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 2002, cat. no. 1.
Collection
Accession number
714B-1895

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Record createdDecember 5, 2002
Record URL
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