Altarpiece or Shrine
ca.1000 (made)
Artist/Maker | |
Place of origin |
This bronze sculpture may be a portable image commissioned by a Jain layman or laymen for presentation to the temple. The central figure is a ‘Jina’ (salvation-teacher). His identity is not immediately apparent because there is no distinguishing symbol on the throne base. What we can see at the base of the moulding is a ‘dharmachakra’, a Buddhist symbol representing the ‘wheel of law’, flanked by elephants and lions.
The enthroned central figure is seated in padmasana (lotus posture) and has inset silver eyes. The srivatsa emblem on his chest marks him as one ‘beloved of fortune’. He is flanked by two further Jinas standing in kayotsarga, or ‘body abandonment’ posture, making this a trithirtha image. They in turn are flanked by yakshas (minor deities or earth-spirits) bearing fly-whisks. There are kneeling devotees below the throne. Projecting from the base are the yaksha Gomedha and yakshi Ambika, the attendant deities associated with Neminatha. The back plate is embellished with flying garland bearers.
The garments worn by the Jinas indicate that the patrons (and recipient temple) were followers of the Shvetambara ‘White-Clad’ sect. Many icons of this kind can be seen today adorning the inner sanctuaries of Jain temples or stored in temple strong rooms. Many bear donor inscriptions, usually dated.This altarpiece, surprisingly for an image of this importance, does not.
The enthroned central figure is seated in padmasana (lotus posture) and has inset silver eyes. The srivatsa emblem on his chest marks him as one ‘beloved of fortune’. He is flanked by two further Jinas standing in kayotsarga, or ‘body abandonment’ posture, making this a trithirtha image. They in turn are flanked by yakshas (minor deities or earth-spirits) bearing fly-whisks. There are kneeling devotees below the throne. Projecting from the base are the yaksha Gomedha and yakshi Ambika, the attendant deities associated with Neminatha. The back plate is embellished with flying garland bearers.
The garments worn by the Jinas indicate that the patrons (and recipient temple) were followers of the Shvetambara ‘White-Clad’ sect. Many icons of this kind can be seen today adorning the inner sanctuaries of Jain temples or stored in temple strong rooms. Many bear donor inscriptions, usually dated.This altarpiece, surprisingly for an image of this importance, does not.
Object details
Categories | |
Object type | |
Materials and techniques | Bronze-copper alloy |
Brief description | Altarpiece with three Jinas (Tritirtha), bronze, Gujarat, ca.1000. |
Physical description | The identity of the central Jina is not immediately apparent, the image having no distinguishing symbol on the throne base. The dharmachakra can be seen at the base of the throne molding, flanked by elephants and lions. The enthroned central figure is seated in padmasana, or lotus posture, and has inset silver eyes. The srivatsa emblem on his chest marks him as one "beloved of fortune". He is flanked by two further Jinas standing in kayotsarga, or body abandonment posture, making this a trithirtha image. They in turn are flanked by flywhisk-bearing yakshas. There are kneeling devotees below the throne and projecting from the base are the yaksha Gomedha and yakshi Ambika, the attendant deities associated with Neminatha. The backplate is embellished with flying garland bearers. |
Dimensions |
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Gallery label |
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Object history | Portable images of this scale were usually commissioned by members of the Jain laity and presented to their temples. The garments indicate that the patrons (and recipient temple) were followers of the Svetambara (White Clad) sect. Many such images can be seen today adorning the inner sanctuaries of Jain temples or stored in temple strong rooms. Many bear dedicatory inscriptions, often dated, though this alterpiece does not. U.P.Shah, who much admired this image, attributed it to ca. 1000 A.D. |
Subjects depicted | |
Summary | This bronze sculpture may be a portable image commissioned by a Jain layman or laymen for presentation to the temple. The central figure is a ‘Jina’ (salvation-teacher). His identity is not immediately apparent because there is no distinguishing symbol on the throne base. What we can see at the base of the moulding is a ‘dharmachakra’, a Buddhist symbol representing the ‘wheel of law’, flanked by elephants and lions. The enthroned central figure is seated in padmasana (lotus posture) and has inset silver eyes. The srivatsa emblem on his chest marks him as one ‘beloved of fortune’. He is flanked by two further Jinas standing in kayotsarga, or ‘body abandonment’ posture, making this a trithirtha image. They in turn are flanked by yakshas (minor deities or earth-spirits) bearing fly-whisks. There are kneeling devotees below the throne. Projecting from the base are the yaksha Gomedha and yakshi Ambika, the attendant deities associated with Neminatha. The back plate is embellished with flying garland bearers. The garments worn by the Jinas indicate that the patrons (and recipient temple) were followers of the Shvetambara ‘White-Clad’ sect. Many icons of this kind can be seen today adorning the inner sanctuaries of Jain temples or stored in temple strong rooms. Many bear donor inscriptions, usually dated.This altarpiece, surprisingly for an image of this importance, does not. |
Bibliographic references |
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Collection | |
Accession number | IS.10-1968 |
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Record created | May 17, 2001 |
Record URL |
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