Virginal thumbnail 1
Virginal thumbnail 2
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Virginal

about 1550 (Made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

Polygonal cypress vriginal with gilt gesso scroll work on the inner face of each side. The instrument is fitted with a protruding keyboard, containing boxwood naturals and ivory sharps. The block of wood bearing the name and date of the maker is inserted into the nameboard (it is possible that this comes from another instrument). The cypress soundboard has a geometrically carved rosette with seven ivory studs. The virginal sits in a dark-blue trapezoidal wooden case, possibly of poplar, decorated with white moresque patterns. The inside of the lid is emblazoned with an emblem in the form of two hands clasping a serpent, with the motto Amoris vulnus idem qui sanat fecit. (The same thing that has made love's wound cures it.)

Two samples of blue paint on the case were analysed by Dr Lucia Burgio and Valentina Risdonne, Science Section, Conservation Department, 5 September 2017 (Report CONS1706), and found high quality azurite over gilding.


Object details

Category
Object type
Parts
This object consists of 3 parts.

  • Virginal
  • Virginal Case
  • Key
Materials and techniques
Planed and joined cypress body and soundboard, above which the inner sides are decorated with gilt gesso scrollwork. Painted case possibly of poplar (?).
Brief description
Italian, 1550-60, G.F. Antegnati

Italian, 1550-60, painted poplar and pine

to spinet, Italian, 1550-60
Physical description
Polygonal cypress vriginal with gilt gesso scroll work on the inner face of each side. The instrument is fitted with a protruding keyboard, containing boxwood naturals and ivory sharps. The block of wood bearing the name and date of the maker is inserted into the nameboard (it is possible that this comes from another instrument). The cypress soundboard has a geometrically carved rosette with seven ivory studs. The virginal sits in a dark-blue trapezoidal wooden case, possibly of poplar, decorated with white moresque patterns. The inside of the lid is emblazoned with an emblem in the form of two hands clasping a serpent, with the motto Amoris vulnus idem qui sanat fecit. (The same thing that has made love's wound cures it.)

Two samples of blue paint on the case were analysed by Dr Lucia Burgio and Valentina Risdonne, Science Section, Conservation Department, 5 September 2017 (Report CONS1706), and found high quality azurite over gilding.
Dimensions
  • Maximum length of instrument without outer case length: 146cm (Note: Support table needs to be c170 x 70cm)
  • Maximum without outer case depth: 52.75cm
  • Instrument without outer case height: 20.25cm
These dimensions are taken from Raymond Russell: Victoria and Albert Museum Catalogue of Musical Instruments. Volume I. Keyboard Instruments. (London, 1968), p. 30 Case dimensions (closed) measured 2017 by NH: 24.2 x 155 x 59cm; approx. height with case lid raised to maximum extent: 94cm
Marks and inscriptions
  • D.D. opus Ioannis Francisci Antegnati Brixiani MDXXXVII. (The block of wood which bears this inscription has been inserted into the board above the keys.)
    Translation
    A Work of Giovanni Francesco Antegnati of Brescia is prsented as a gift, 1537 (D.D. = dono datur)
  • Amoris vulnus idem qui sanat fecit (Motto Inscribed on the inside of the lid, which is not original to the spinet.)
    Translation
    The same things that has caused the wound of love cures it.
Gallery label
SPINET Italian; about 1550 Inscribed D.D. opus Ioannis Francisi Antegnati Brixiani MDXXXVII (the name board was probably inserted at a later date) The inside of the lid is decorated with moresques and a device comprising two hands clasping a black scorpion with the motto Amoris vulnus idem qui sanat fecit (He dealt the wound of love who heals it). The instrument's range is F - f3. Keyboard Catalogue No.: 2 Although the inscription on the name board states that the spinet was made by Giovanni Francesco Antegnato, the famous instrument builder of Brescia, it was crudely inserted at a later date. However, it is consistent with Italian examples of the 1550s. 490-1899(pre September 2000)
Object history
The instrument and its case formed lot 379 in the Stefano Bardini Sale at Christie's (London), 5 - 8th July 1899. The South Kensington Museum bought this item for £190.
Subjects depicted
Bibliographic references
  • Raymond Russell: Victoria and Albert Museum Catalogue of Musical Instruments. Volume I. Keyboard Instruments. (London, 1968), p. 30 - 31.
  • Howard Schott: Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part I: Keyboard instruments. (London, 1998), pp. 18 - 19.
  • Music Recording LP 29277 Rossi Virginal (1555: 490-1899) played by Valda Aveling, 26. 2. 65 Front (10FRM 114985) 1. Ballo detto "Il Staffanín" - 2'33" 2. Ballo alla Polacha - 1'58". 3. Ballo Ongaro - 1' 58" 4. Todesca - 1' 14". 5. Ballo detto il "Picchi" - 2'00. (Giovanni Picchi). Back (10FRM 114986) 1. The Queen's Alman - 4'53". William Byrd. 2. Nancy - 4' 01" Thomas Morley. 3. Branle Hobroken - 25" from the Dublin Virginal MS. 4. Prelude No 8, E flat major - 1' 07" from The Well Tempered Clavichord.
Collection
Accession number
490:1 to 3-1899

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Record createdMay 16, 2001
Record URL
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