Not currently on display at the V&A

Ceremonial Staff or Fencing Stick

1750-1780 (made)
Artist/Maker
Place of origin

Scholars are divided over how people used this piece. The fact that it is richly decorated and mounted with enamel suggests that it was intended for display. It might therefore possibly be a ceremonial staff such as a stick-bearer (chobdar) carried. Chobdars waited on people of quality, processed before them and announced visitors into their presence. This stick also has a hilt, which suggests that it might have been intended for lakri, a combat game played with wooden sticks. Indians in Lucknow learned and practised two types of lakri. Ali mad was played by the ruling classes. It derived from the Persian martial art of phankainti in which each player kept the left foot fixed to one place. Rustam khani was the less formal Indian variation of the sport, and players were allowed to change their positions. This stick has delicate surface decoration, so it was probably for display rather than use.


Object details

Categories
Object type
Materials and techniques
Wood, covered with cloth, gessoed and painted, with pommel spike and ferrule of champlevé enamel on silver
Brief description
Ceremonial staff or fencing stick, made of wood, gessoed and painted, with pommel spike and ferrule silver enamel, Lucknow, 1750-1780.
Physical description
Fencing stick made of wood covered with cloth, gessoed and painted, with pommel spike and ferrule of champlevé enamel on silver.
Dimensions
  • Length: 135cm
Object history
Exercise with fencing stick was one of the traditional pastimes of Lucknow. May be a Ceremonial staff.
Subjects depicted
Summary
Scholars are divided over how people used this piece. The fact that it is richly decorated and mounted with enamel suggests that it was intended for display. It might therefore possibly be a ceremonial staff such as a stick-bearer (chobdar) carried. Chobdars waited on people of quality, processed before them and announced visitors into their presence. This stick also has a hilt, which suggests that it might have been intended for lakri, a combat game played with wooden sticks. Indians in Lucknow learned and practised two types of lakri. Ali mad was played by the ruling classes. It derived from the Persian martial art of phankainti in which each player kept the left foot fixed to one place. Rustam khani was the less formal Indian variation of the sport, and players were allowed to change their positions. This stick has delicate surface decoration, so it was probably for display rather than use.
Bibliographic references
  • Guy, J., and Swallow, D., (eds). ‘Arts of India: 1550-1900’. London : Victoria and Albert Museum, 1990. ISBN 1851770224., p.183, pl.159.
  • Skelton, Robert, et al, The Indian Heritage. Court life and Arts under Mughal Rule London: The Victoria and Albert Museum, 1982 p. 137, cat. no. 455, Rosemary Crill
  • Luxury goods from India : the art of the Indian cabinet maker / Amin Jaffer. London: V&A Publications, 2002 Number: 1851773819 pp.76-77, ill.
Collection
Accession number
IS.10-1980

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Record createdDecember 15, 1999
Record URL
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