Toast Rack
ca. 1880 (made), 1878 (designed)
| Artist/Maker | |
| Place of origin |
This toast rack is a good example of the strikingly original metalwork designs of Christopher Dresser (1834-1904). Although it was made about 1880, its rigorous, stark form anticipates the modernist designs that began to emerge after the First World War (1914-18).
Dresser was perhaps the first independent industrial designer. During his long career he worked for a large and varied number of manufacturers and designed prolifically for many different media. In about 1878 he became art adviser to Hukin & Heath (founded 1855), a Birmingham firm that manufactured silver and electroplated goods. The firm specialised in novelty items for the luxury market and they were anxious to find a new direction. A report in the Furniture Gazette on 23 August 1879 marked Dresser’s arrival: ‘The Firm have secured the services [of Dr Dresser] in order to be reliable in point of design’. Dresser’s designs, such as this toast rack, were stamped with a facsimile of his signature in addition to the Hukin & Heath maker’s mark.
Dresser was perhaps the first independent industrial designer. During his long career he worked for a large and varied number of manufacturers and designed prolifically for many different media. In about 1878 he became art adviser to Hukin & Heath (founded 1855), a Birmingham firm that manufactured silver and electroplated goods. The firm specialised in novelty items for the luxury market and they were anxious to find a new direction. A report in the Furniture Gazette on 23 August 1879 marked Dresser’s arrival: ‘The Firm have secured the services [of Dr Dresser] in order to be reliable in point of design’. Dresser’s designs, such as this toast rack, were stamped with a facsimile of his signature in addition to the Hukin & Heath maker’s mark.
Object details
| Categories | |
| Object type | |
| Materials and techniques | Electroplated nickel silver |
| Brief description | Electroplated nickel silver, Birmingham ca.1880, made by Hukin & Heath, designed by Christopher Dresser, 1878 |
| Physical description | Plain, rectangular platform resting on four peg feet which are the continuation of the upright posts at each corner. The uprights to hold the toast are a series ten plain rods, arranged in two rows of five, equidistantly along the two longer edges of the rectangular platform. At each corner, the pole is soldered to the platform while the middle three are riveted on the underside of the base. The handle is a tall, upright rod with a short cross bar soldered at right angles through a ring terminal at the top, the upright rod secured through the centre of the platform by a domed nut on the underside. |
| Dimensions |
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| Production type | Mass produced |
| Marks and inscriptions |
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| Gallery label | Toast rack, electroplate, registered 1881, The Andrew McIntosh Patrick Collection.(2004) |
| Object history | Purchased at the sale of the CHRISTOPHER DRESSER METALWORK, THE ANDREW MCINTOSH PATRICK COLLECTION, Lyon & Turnbull, Edinburgh, 19 April 2005, Lot 1. for £4000 (hammer price). |
| Historical context | Andrew McIntosh Patrick was the Managing Director of the Fine Art Society, 148 New Bond Street, London W1Y 0JT for 30 years until 2005. Between 1972 and 2005, he acquired a collection of metalwork designed by Dr. Christopher Dresser of approximately 50 pieces which until the sale of his collection by the Edinburgh auctioneers, Lyon & Turnbull on April 19, 2005, was the most distinguished collection of such material in either a public or private collection. |
| Production | Reason For Production: Retail |
| Summary | This toast rack is a good example of the strikingly original metalwork designs of Christopher Dresser (1834-1904). Although it was made about 1880, its rigorous, stark form anticipates the modernist designs that began to emerge after the First World War (1914-18). Dresser was perhaps the first independent industrial designer. During his long career he worked for a large and varied number of manufacturers and designed prolifically for many different media. In about 1878 he became art adviser to Hukin & Heath (founded 1855), a Birmingham firm that manufactured silver and electroplated goods. The firm specialised in novelty items for the luxury market and they were anxious to find a new direction. A report in the Furniture Gazette on 23 August 1879 marked Dresser’s arrival: ‘The Firm have secured the services [of Dr Dresser] in order to be reliable in point of design’. Dresser’s designs, such as this toast rack, were stamped with a facsimile of his signature in addition to the Hukin & Heath maker’s mark. |
| Associated object | M.22-2005 (Copy) |
| Bibliographic references |
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| Collection | |
| Accession number | M.14-2005 |
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| Record created | May 31, 2005 |
| Record URL |
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