Intaglio, rectangular sardonyx, set in gold ring, depicting a wounded Greek warrior crouching behind his shield, Italy, 1725-85

Vertical rectangular intaglio with rounded corners and band of incised hatching just inside the edge. Depicts a Greek warrior crouching behind his shield, facing left. He is bearded, and wears armour, and a crested helmet. He kneels on his right knee, holding his shield, which is seen from the back, in his right hand, and his short sword in his left, the point resting on the ground.

Townshend Bequest

This gem was part of the collection of the Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend (1798-1868), who bequeathed his important collection to the South Kensington Museum in 1869. Although the gemstone collection is not as comprehensive as that found at the Natural History Museum, it is of particular historic interest as its formation pre-dates the development of many synthetic stones and artificial enhancements. All the stones were mounted as rings before they came to the Museum. Some are held in the Sculpture Section, other more elaborately mounted ones in the Metalwork Section.

As well as being a clergyman, collector and dillettante, the Reverend Townshend wrote poetry. He met Robert Southey in 1815 and through him the Wordsworths, the Coleridges and John Clare. He was a friend of Charles Dickens and dedicatee of his novel 'Great Expectations'.

Engraved gemstones based on classical models were widely produced and collected in Italy in the eighteenth century. Many were brought back by British Grand Tourists, and important collections were formed.

Attribution note: Reddish brown and white translucent chalcedonies, the layers vary in colour saturation throughout.

The art of engraving gemstones has been admired since the early days of the Roman empire. It was revived in Europe during the Renaissance, and again in the 18th and 19th centuries. Cameos and intaglios were prized and collected, sometimes as symbols of power and mounted in jewelled settings, sometimes as small objects for private devotion or enjoyment. This gem is in the neo-classical style popular in the late 1700s and early 1800s, when taste in the arts echoed the subject matter and style of the Greek and Roman masters. Thousands of gems were made in this style in Italy and brought back by British Grand Tourists, who went there to visit the newly-discovered classical antiquities and archaeological sites. The wounded warrior was a popular subject and is directly based on images on gems dating from the third and second centuries BC.

1827-1869