Silver-gilt figure of St Dominic, Germany, sixteenth century.

Statuette of St Dominic holding a book in his right hand and a church in his left. The back is left incomplete which suggests that the figure once stood in a niche. Soldered to the base is a solid rod which would have attached the figure to its original context. The figure stands on a stepped six sided marble base.

Given by H. R. Jessop

Saints and Symbols
Like most religions, Christianity has a rich language of images and symbols. This iconography would have been clearly understood in the past but it may be less familiar to modern eyes.

Though often decorative, the symbols used on religious metalwork also refer to the function and significance of the objects. The contemplation of religious motifs can draw believers into a deeper understanding of their faith. Complex theological themes can be represented in a visual form. A chalice, for example, might be adorned with the tools used in the Crucifixion (the 'Instruments of the Passion') to direct the viewer's mind towards Christ's sacrifice and his death on the cross.

The use of images has caused controversy throughout Christian history. While supporters held that imagery glorified God and helped believers understand their faith better, critics attacked its use as superstition and idolatry.

Saints
Christians venerate saints as men and women who, through the holiness of their lives, became especially close to God. The saints include martyrs who suffered and died for their faith as well as great teachers and preachers. Their lives provide an example and inspiration for the faithful. Roman Catholics also believe that saints can intercede on their behalf with God. In Christian iconography, saints are usually depicted with a distinctive object or 'attribute' associated with their martyrdom or works. For example, St Bartholomew, who was skinned alive, holds a flaying knife, and St George is shown with a dragon.

St Dominic (1170-1221) was the founder of the Order of Preachers known as the Dominicans or Black Friars. He was born in Spain and came from an aristocratic background. He became a canon and preached against heretical movements such as the French Albigensians. He died in Bologna where his arca or tomb can be found. The rosary, a special sequence of prayers to the Virgin Mary, is said to have been instituted by him. This small figure was probably originally part of a monstrance, a large piece of silver used to display communion wafers and often displayed during Corpus Christi processions. Monstrances often have a very architectural form, incorporating niches and arches in which small figures such as this could be placed.

M.13-1954